Electric vehicles are no longer a thing of the future - they are here to stay. As they become an increasingly common sight on Australian roads, the need to understand the ins and outs of charging these innovative electric vehicles grows.
This comprehensive guide will cover everything from knowing when to charge your electric car to understanding the various types of charging stations available in Australia, along with the costs involved when comparing charging an electric car at home or in public.
How Electric Car Batteries Work
Electric vehicles (EVs) are powered by high-capacity lithium-ion battery packs that replace the need for an internal combustion engine. These batteries store electrical energy that is delivered to the car’s motor, which then drives the wheels.
The size of the vehicle's battery capacity determines how far you can travel on a single charge, and also plays a key role in power output, including how quickly the vehicle accelerates and responds.
Most electric car drivers quickly learn that battery performance can fluctuate depending on environmental and usage factors. For example, when a car regularly heats or cools its interior, especially during start-up in colder climates, the energy demand increases significantly.
That’s because temperature takes energy to modify, using the heater or air conditioner to draw power directly from the battery. This can slightly reduce driving range, which can be more pronounced in colder ambient temperatures where batteries naturally operate less efficiently and take longer to reach optimal temperature.
It's worth noting that plug-in hybrid vehicles work slightly differently. While they have a smaller battery than a full EV, they also feature a petrol-powered engine as a backup to provide extra range once the electric charge runs out. For some drivers, this offers the flexibility of an EV experience without full reliance on charging infrastructure.
When to Charge Your Electric Car
Knowing when to charge your electric car can depend on various factors, including your car battery capacity, your daily mileage, and available charging opportunities. While it's possible to plug in your electric vehicle (EV) every night, some experts suggest that maintaining a battery level between 20% and 80% might enhance the battery's longevity.
Charging habits might also depend on your schedule and access to charging stations. For daily commuters and most electric car drivers, overnight charging at home could be the most convenient. For long trips, planning around public charging stations might be necessary.
Types of Charging Stations
When it comes to charging an electric car in Australia, you have two main options. They are:
Home Charging Stations
For many EV owners, home charging is the most convenient and cost-effective option due to its overwhelming convenience. While a standard wall outlet is fully capable of charging EV batteries, installing a Level 2 home charger can provide a faster charge, allowing for overnight charging and having your car ready for the following day.
Public Charging Stations
For those on the go, public charging stations offer a way to recharge while away from home. These can vary significantly in charging speed, with some rapid charging station locations offering a quick top-up in as little as 20 minutes depending on battery size, while others might take several hours.
How to Charge Your Electric Car at Home
Charging an electric car at home is a relatively straightforward process. You'll need either a Level 1 or Level 2 AC fast charger. A Level 1 charger typically uses a standard household outlet, but it's relatively slow. On the other hand, a Level 2 charger can be installed by a licensed electrician and can charge an EV much faster.
While it can be easy to try and set up a way to charge your car at home because it’s significantly cheaper than public stations, safety is paramount when charging at home. Ensure that your electrical system can handle the additional load and follow all manufacturer instructions for your specific charger.
Charging at Public Stations
Public EV charging stations are growing in number across Australia, offering flexibility for EV car buyers and owners. Here's what you need to know:
Charging Station Providers: ChargeFox is one of the biggest and most widely available charging station providers in Australia.
Finding Stations: Apps and in-car navigation systems can guide you to nearby charging stations.
Charging Speeds: Public stations often offer different charging speeds, with Level 3 ultra rapid charging stations providing a quick boost for those in a hurry.
Accessibility: Some public stations may require memberships or payment due to being a commercial charging station, so be sure to check ahead where possible.
How Much Does It Cost to Charge an Electric Car in Australia?
The cost to charge an electric car can vary widely depending on several factors such as the type of charger used, electricity rates, solar power, and the car's battery capacity. Here's what you should know:
At Home
Home Charging Cost: EV charging at home is typically more cost-effective, especially if you charge during off-peak hours. The average cost to charge an electric car at home can range from $0.15 to $0.40 per kWh depending on your location and energy provider.
Fixed Price Servicing: Some energy providers may offer fixed or capped price servicing for electric vehicle charging, allowing you to better manage your energy bills. If you have a solar energy system set up within your home, charging your EV through solar is a great way to reduce overall costs.
Public Charging Stations
Public Charging Cost: Public electric car charging stations often have different pricing structures. Some might charge per hour, while others may have a per kWh cost. On average, charging costs for an EV battery can range anywhere from $0.25 to $0.60 per kWh.
Free Charging Options: It's also worth noting that some public charging stations may offer free charging, especially at shopping centres or other public amenities. Most electric cars can charge at these stations.
How Long to Charge an Electric Car in Australia
The time it takes to charge an electric car depends on the charger level, the car's battery capacity, and how depleted the battery is. Here's a general guideline:
Level 1 Charger (Home): Up to 24 hours for a full charge.
Level 2 Fast Charger (Home or Public): 4 to 10 hours for a full charge.
Level 3 Rapid Charger (Public): As quick as 20 to 60 minutes for an 80% charge.
Remember, your specific charging time may vary based on your vehicle and the EV charger being used.
Factors That Affect Charging Speed and Cost
Not all electric vehicle charging experiences are the same, and that comes down to a mix of technical specifications, charger types, and even the weather. Between charging at home or using public chargers, there are a few key factors that influence how quickly and affordably you can top up your battery.
One major influence is your vehicle’s max charge rate. This refers to the fastest speed at which your car can safely receive power. Even if you’re using a rapid charging point capable of high output, your car will only draw electricity up to its max charging rate.
Environmental factors also play a role in charging efficiency, just like they do for the battery operation. Batteries tend to charge more slowly in very cold or hot conditions, meaning range significantly reduces when energy needs to be diverted to heating the battery and either heating or cooling the cabin.
The type of charger you use matters as well, as mentioned in the previous area discussing the different charger types.
Choose Easi for an Electric Vehicle Novated Lease
As popular electric cars continue to rise in Australia - properly competing with the petrol car - understanding how to charge them is crucial. From knowing how much it costs to charge an electric car at a public charging station to the convenience of charging at home, there's a lot to consider.
By opting for an electric vehicle novated lease with Easi, you can bundle all these considerations into one convenient package. With the expertise and over 20 years of experience to guide you through every step of the electric car journey, Easi is your go-to solution for embracing this exciting and sustainable mode of transportation.
Whether you’re looking for a big or small electric vehicle, contact us today to learn how you can be part of the electric revolution. Eligible EVs are tax-free and paid 100% pre-tax. Depending on the state some EVs also receive government rebates!*
Always consult with your car manufacturer and energy provider for specific guidelines on charging your electric vehicle, as information may vary depending on your location and vehicle model. *Terms and Conditions apply.
